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What is the purpose of the Mobile Originated (MO) in GSM communication?

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In GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) communication, the term "Mobile Originated" (MO) refers to the process or scenario where communication is initiated from the mobile device itself. In other words, MO pertains to calls, messages, or data sessions that originate from the mobile subscriber's device. Here's a technical explanation of the purpose of Mobile Originated in GSM communication:

  1. Call Origination:
    • The primary purpose of Mobile Originated in GSM is to handle calls initiated by the mobile subscriber. When a user dials a phone number or selects a contact to call, the call request is considered Mobile Originated.
  2. Signaling and Setup:
    • MO involves the signaling process for call setup. The mobile device sends a call initiation request to the GSM network, and the network establishes the necessary signaling channels and routing to connect the call.
  3. Speech or Data Transmission:
    • Once the call setup is complete, the Mobile Originated call involves the actual transmission of speech or data from the mobile device to the called party. This can include voice calls, data sessions, or other communication services.
  4. Short Message Service (SMS):
    • MO is also relevant to SMS (Short Message Service) communication. When a mobile subscriber creates and sends a text message from their device, the message is considered Mobile Originated.
  5. Data Services:
    • For mobile data services, MO scenarios include the initiation of data sessions, internet browsing, or any other data transmission originating from the mobile device.
  6. Location Tracking:
    • Mobile Originated events contribute to location tracking within the GSM network. The network needs to know the location of the Mobile Originated call or message to route it to the correct destination.
  7. Handover Management:
    • During an ongoing Mobile Originated call, if the mobile device moves from one cell to another, the network manages the handover process to maintain the call's continuity. This involves transferring the call to the new serving cell without interruption.
  8. Billing and Charging:
    • Mobile Originated activities are crucial for billing and charging purposes. The network uses the call duration, data usage, or other parameters to calculate charges for the Mobile Originated services, which are billed to the subscriber.
  9. Integration with Network Services:
    • MO is integrated with various services provided by the GSM network, ensuring that Mobile Originated calls and messages are correctly routed and processed. This integration includes interaction with the Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Home Location Register (HLR), and other network elements.
  10. Quality of Service:
    • MO activities contribute to maintaining the quality of service for mobile subscribers. This involves efficient call setup, reliable data transmission, and other factors that contribute to a positive user experience.

In summary, the purpose of Mobile Originated in GSM communication is to handle communication events initiated by the mobile subscriber. Whether it's making a voice call, sending an SMS, or using data services, Mobile Originated activities encompass the signaling, setup, and transmission processes that enable communication to start from the mobile device.