nsa sa 5g

Last updated on Dec 30, 2023

1. Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G:

Architecture: In NSA mode, the 5G network is built upon an existing 4G LTE network. This means that 5G radio technology is deployed alongside the existing 4G core network.

How it works:

4G LTE as Anchor: The 4G LTE network serves as the control plane and is the anchor for the 5G connection. This means that when a user initiates a 5G session, it begins with a 4G LTE connection.
Data Flow: While the control signaling might be initiated through the 4G network, the data can flow through the 5G NR (New Radio) for enhanced speeds and lower latency.
Transition: Eventually, the goal is to transition to a full 5G core and phase out the 4G LTE network as the primary control plane.

Benefits:

Faster deployment: Mobile operators can introduce 5G services more quickly since they can utilize existing 4G infrastructure.
Cost-effective: Less initial investment as operators don't need to entirely overhaul their existing 4G infrastructure.

2. Standalone (SA) 5G:

Architecture: In SA mode, the 5G network operates independently without the need for an existing 4G LTE network. This means both the control plane and user plane functionalities are provided by the 5G network.

How it works:

Complete 5G Core: SA 5G requires a full 5G core network, which includes the control plane functions (like session management, authentication, etc.) and the user plane functions (like data forwarding).
End-to-End 5G: With SA, all aspects of the network, from the core to the radio access, are based on 5G specifications.

Benefits:

Future-proof: SA 5G is the ultimate goal for many operators because it offers the full benefits of 5G without reliance on older technologies.
Enhanced capabilities: SA networks can provide better performance, lower latency, and improved scalability compared to NSA setups.