MOCN Multi Operator Core Network

Multi Operator Core Network (MOCN) is a technology used in mobile communication networks where two or more operators share the same radio access network (RAN) and backhaul network infrastructure to provide services to their respective subscribers. This technology is also known as Multi Operator Radio Access Network (MORAN) and it allows operators to share the same network resources, thereby reducing costs and optimizing the use of network resources.

MOCN architecture consists of a shared RAN and a core network (CN) infrastructure that is owned and operated by one or more mobile network operators. The RAN consists of base stations (BSs) that are connected to a shared backhaul network, which is typically a fiber optic network. The CN consists of elements such as the Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN), Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN), Home Location Register (HLR), and Authentication Center (AuC).

In MOCN, each operator has its own packet core network and the CN nodes are connected to a shared RAN infrastructure. The RAN infrastructure is responsible for the physical transmission of data between the user equipment (UE) and the BSs. The CN infrastructure is responsible for providing voice and data services to the subscribers.

MOCN provides benefits to operators in terms of cost savings, capacity optimization, and increased coverage. Operators can share the same RAN infrastructure and backhaul network, thereby reducing the overall cost of network infrastructure. The shared network also helps in optimizing the use of network resources by providing a more efficient allocation of resources.

MOCN also helps operators in increasing their coverage by providing access to the shared RAN infrastructure in areas where they do not have their own RAN infrastructure. This is particularly useful for operators who do not have a significant presence in a particular region, as they can use the shared infrastructure to expand their coverage without incurring additional costs.

However, MOCN also poses several challenges for operators. One of the challenges is the management of the shared network. Operators need to ensure that the network is managed in a way that does not compromise the quality of service (QoS) of their subscribers. They also need to ensure that the network is secure and that their subscribers' data is protected.

Another challenge is the management of the network infrastructure. Operators need to ensure that the shared infrastructure is maintained and upgraded to meet the requirements of all the operators using it. They also need to ensure that the network is able to support new technologies and services as they are introduced.

To address these challenges, MOCN requires a high level of coordination and cooperation between the operators sharing the network. This includes the development of common operational procedures, protocols, and network management systems that are used by all the operators.

In addition, MOCN requires the use of advanced network management tools and techniques that enable operators to monitor the network and identify potential problems before they affect the QoS of subscribers. These tools also enable operators to optimize the use of network resources and improve the performance of the network.

MOCN is a complex technology that requires a high level of technical expertise and knowledge to implement and manage effectively. As such, it is typically used by large mobile network operators that have the resources and expertise to manage the shared infrastructure.

In conclusion, MOCN is a technology that enables mobile network operators to share the same RAN and backhaul infrastructure to provide services to their subscribers. It provides benefits in terms of cost savings, capacity optimization, and increased coverage. However, it also poses several challenges in terms of network management and security. To address these challenges, operators need to develop common operational procedures, protocols, and network management systems, and use advanced network management tools and techniques to monitor and optimize the use of network resources.