How does the 5G Core network handle multi-access edge computing (MEC)?

Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) is a key component in the evolution of 5G networks, designed to bring computing resources closer to the edge of the network, reducing latency and enhancing the overall user experience. The 5G Core network plays a crucial role in enabling and managing MEC. Let's delve into the technical details of how the 5G Core network handles MEC:

1. Service-Based Architecture (SBA):
   • The 5G Core network adopts a Service-Based Architecture (SBA), where services are defined as sets of interacting network functions.
   • MEC services are treated as part of this architecture, with specific service definitions related to edge computing.
2. Network Functions and Interfaces:
   • The 5G Core comprises various network functions, including the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), and the MEC-specific components.
   • Interfaces such as N1, N2, N3, and N6 facilitate communication between these functions.
3. User Plane Function (UPF):
   • UPF plays a critical role in MEC by handling the user data plane.
   • It connects to the MEC platform using the N6 interface, allowing the exchange of user data and enabling MEC applications to process data closer to the edge.
4. Session Management Function (SMF):
   • SMF is responsible for managing the session and flow control aspects in the 5G Core network.
   • It interfaces with MEC platforms to ensure proper session management for edge applications.
5. Application Function (AF) and Application Enablement (AE):
   • The MEC framework introduces the concept of Application Functions (AF) and Application Enablement (AE).
   • AF provides an interface for MEC applications to interact with the 5G Core network.
   • AE allows MEC applications to be deployed and executed at the edge, leveraging the MEC infrastructure.
6. MEC Platform:
   • The MEC platform is where the actual edge computing takes place. It consists of MEC hosts, each hosting one or more MEC applications.
   • MEC platforms connect to the 5G Core network through standard interfaces, such as the N4 interface.
7. Communication Interfaces:
   • Various communication interfaces facilitate the interaction between different components. For example:
     • N4 interface: Connects the MEC platform to the SMF for control plane communication.
     • N6 interface: Connects the UPF to the MEC platform for user plane communication.
     • Other standard interfaces like N2, N3, and N9 may also be involved for specific functionalities.
8. Network Slicing:
   • The 5G Core network supports network slicing, allowing the creation of dedicated and isolated slices for MEC services.
   • Each slice can have its own set of MEC applications and resources, ensuring efficient and secure operation.