Handover Required

In mobile communication networks such as LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and 5G, a "Handover Required" message is a crucial signaling procedure that facilitates the transfer of an ongoing communication session from one base station (eNodeB or gNodeB) to another. This process, known as a handover or handoff, is initiated to ensure seamless connectivity and optimize the network's performance. Let's delve into the technical details of the "Handover Required" procedure:

1. Trigger for Handover:The need for a handover typically arises due to various factors, including deteriorating signal quality, load balancing, network optimization, or mobility of the user equipment (UE) from the source cell to a target cell.
2. Measurement and Evaluation:The network continuously monitors the radio environment and measures the quality of the connection with the UE. These measurements help in determining the necessity of a handover.
3. Target Cell Selection:Based on the measurement reports and other network parameters, the network selects a suitable target cell to which the UE will be handed over.
4. Handover Type and Parameters:Depending on the scenario and network policies, the handover type is determined (e.g., hard handover, soft handover, etc.) along with associated parameters like handover priority, timing, and thresholds.
5. Handover Decision:The network makes a decision to initiate the handover based on the measured parameters and target cell selection.
6. Handover Preparation:The network prepares for the handover, ensuring that resources are available in the target cell, and appropriate communication channels are established.

Handover Required Message Generation:If a handover is deemed necessary, the source eNodeB or gNodeB generates a "Handover Required" message, including:

• Target Cell Information: Identifies the target cell for the handover.
• UE Context: Information about the UE's ongoing communication session and associated parameters.
• Handover Type and Parameters: Specifies the type and details of the handover.

1. Transmission to Target eNodeB/gNodeB:The "Handover Required" message is transmitted to the target eNodeB or gNodeB.
2. Target Node Processing:The target node processes the "Handover Required" message, verifies the information, and prepares for the impending handover.
3. Confirmation and Handover Execution:The target eNodeB or gNodeB confirms its readiness to receive the UE and execute the handover at the appropriate timing.
4. UE Handover Preparation:The UE is prepared for the handover, adjusting its parameters and communication settings to align with the target cell.
5. Handover Execution:At the designated timing, the handover is executed, and the UE's connection is transferred from the source to the target cell.

The "Handover Required" message is a critical part of the handover procedure, ensuring that the UE's connection is seamlessly transitioned to maintain uninterrupted communication and optimize network performance.