Describe the role of Telnet and SSH in network management.

Telnet (Telecommunication Network) and SSH (Secure Shell) are both network protocols that provide a command-line interface for managing network devices and systems. However, they differ significantly in terms of security. Let's delve into the technical details of each and discuss their roles in network management:

1. Telnet:
   • Protocol: Telnet operates on the application layer of the OSI model and uses the Telnet protocol (RFC 854).
   • Connection: It establishes a basic, unencrypted, and plaintext connection between the client and the server. This means that all data, including login credentials, is transmitted in clear text, making it susceptible to interception and eavesdropping.
   • Authentication: Telnet relies on username and password-based authentication, but due to the lack of encryption, this information can be easily compromised by network sniffers or other malicious entities.
   • Usage: Telnet is suitable for environments where security is not a significant concern, such as on a closed internal network where the risk of unauthorized access is minimal.
2. SSH:
   • Protocol: SSH operates at the application layer as well and uses the SSH protocol (Secure Shell) to provide a secure and encrypted connection between the client and the server. There are multiple versions of the SSH protocol (SSH-1 and SSH-2), with SSH-2 being the more secure and widely used version.
   • Connection: Unlike Telnet, SSH encrypts all data exchanged between the client and server, including login credentials and commands. This encryption ensures confidentiality and integrity, making it highly resistant to eavesdropping and other security threats.
   • Authentication: SSH supports various methods of authentication, including password-based, public key-based, and two-factor authentication. Public key authentication is widely favored for its enhanced security.
   • Usage: SSH is the preferred choice for secure remote management and administration of network devices, servers, and other systems, especially over untrusted networks like the internet.

Role in Network Management:

• Telnet in Network Management:
  • Telnet is often used for basic network management tasks where security is not a primary concern.
  • It allows network administrators to remotely access and configure devices such as routers, switches, and servers.
  • Telnet can be employed for troubleshooting and performing routine maintenance tasks.
• SSH in Network Management:
  • SSH is the preferred protocol for secure network management across the internet and other untrusted networks.
  • It provides a secure channel for administrators to access and configure network devices, minimizing the risk of unauthorized access and data interception.
  • SSH is crucial for managing critical infrastructure components where security is of paramount importance.