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Configure basic VLANs on a switch and assign ports to them.

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Configuring VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) on a switch involves dividing a physical network into multiple logical segments to enhance network efficiency, security, and manageability. Assigning ports to specific VLANs allows you to control traffic flow and separate broadcast domains. Here's a technical explanation of how to configure basic VLANs on a switch and assign ports to them:

1. Access the Switch:

  • Connect to the switch using a terminal emulator or a management software like PuTTY. Access can be via console port, SSH, or web interface, depending on the switch model.

2. Enter Privileged EXEC Mode:

  • Log in with appropriate credentials and enter privileged EXEC mode to have the necessary permissions for configuration.

shellCopy codeSwitch> enable
Password: [Enter your password]
Switch#

3. Enter Global Configuration Mode:

  • Access the global configuration mode to make changes to the switch configuration.

shellCopy codeSwitch# configure terminal
Switch(config)#

4. Create VLANs:

  • Define the VLANs you want to create. VLANs are identified by a numerical ID (1 to 4095).

shellCopy codeSwitch(config)# vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)# name Sales
Switch(config-vlan)# exit

Switch(config)# vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)# name Marketing
Switch(config-vlan)# exit

Repeat this process for all the VLANs you want to create.

5. Assign VLANs to Ports:

  • Go to the interface configuration mode for each port you want to assign to a VLAN.

shellCopy codeSwitch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if)# exit

Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/2
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20
Switch(config-if)# exit

Repeat this process for all the ports and VLANs you want to configure. switchport mode access sets the port to access mode, and switchport access vlan [VLAN_ID] assigns the port to the specified VLAN.

6. Verify Configuration:

  • Check the VLAN configuration and port assignments.

shellCopy codeSwitch# show vlan
Switch# show interfaces status

Verify that each port is in the correct VLAN.

7. Save Configuration:

  • Save the configuration to ensure it persists after a reboot.

shellCopy codeSwitch# write memory

8. Exit Configuration Mode:

  • Exit the configuration mode when you are done.

shellCopy codeSwitch(config)# exit
Switch#