CER (Cell Error Ratio)

Introduction:

The quality of service (QoS) is one of the most critical aspects of any wireless communication system. To ensure good QoS, it is essential to evaluate the performance of the system regularly. One of the key performance indicators (KPIs) that is commonly used to measure the quality of service in wireless communication systems is the Cell Error Ratio (CER).

In this article, we will discuss CER in detail, including what it is, how it is calculated, why it is important, and how it is used in different wireless communication systems.

What is Cell Error Ratio (CER)?

Cell Error Ratio (CER) is a KPI that is commonly used to measure the quality of service (QoS) in wireless communication systems. CER is defined as the ratio of the number of erroneous bits received at the receiver to the total number of bits transmitted from the transmitter. In other words, CER is the percentage of bits that are received incorrectly in a wireless communication system.

CER is usually expressed as a percentage or a fraction. For example, a CER value of 1% means that out of every 100 bits transmitted, one bit is received incorrectly.

How is Cell Error Ratio (CER) calculated?

To calculate CER, we need to count the number of erroneous bits received at the receiver and the total number of bits transmitted from the transmitter. The total number of bits transmitted can be calculated by multiplying the data rate (in bits per second) by the duration of the transmission (in seconds).

The number of erroneous bits received can be calculated by comparing the received signal with the transmitted signal. If the received signal differs from the transmitted signal, then the corresponding bit is considered as an erroneous bit.

Once we have counted the number of erroneous bits and the total number of bits transmitted, we can calculate CER using the following formula:

CER = (Number of Erroneous Bits / Total Number of Bits) x 100%

Why is Cell Error Ratio (CER) important?

CER is an important KPI because it provides a measure of the quality of service (QoS) in wireless communication systems. A high CER value indicates that a large percentage of the transmitted bits are received incorrectly, which can lead to degraded QoS.

For example, in a voice communication system, a high CER value can result in distorted or unintelligible speech, which can be frustrating for the user. In a data communication system, a high CER value can result in corrupted data, which can cause errors in the application or even data loss.

CER is also important because it is used to evaluate the performance of different wireless communication systems. By comparing the CER values of different systems, we can determine which system provides better QoS.

How is Cell Error Ratio (CER) used in different wireless communication systems?

CER is used in various wireless communication systems to evaluate their performance. Some of the common wireless communication systems where CER is used are discussed below:

Cellular Networks:

In cellular networks, CER is used to measure the quality of service (QoS) of voice and data transmissions. CER is calculated at the base station for each cell and is reported to the network management system for analysis. By monitoring the CER values, network operators can identify cells with poor QoS and take corrective measures.

Wi-Fi Networks:

In Wi-Fi networks, CER is used to measure the quality of service (QoS) of data transmissions. CER is calculated at the receiver for each packet received and is reported to the network management system for analysis. By monitoring the CER values, network operators can identify access points with poor QoS and take corrective measures.

Satellite Communications:

In satellite communications, CER is used to measure the quality of service (QoS) of voice and data transmissions. CER is calculated at the satellite for each transmission and is reported to the ground station for analysis. By monitoring the CER values, network operators can identify problems with the satellite link and take corrective measures.

Digital Broadcasting:

In digital broadcasting, CER is used to measure the quality of service (QoS) of the broadcast signal. CER is calculated at the receiver for each broadcast and is reported to the broadcasting company for analysis. By monitoring the CER values, broadcasting companies can identify problems with the broadcast signal and take corrective measures.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Networks:

In DSL networks, CER is used to measure the quality of service (QoS) of the data transmission over the copper telephone line. CER is calculated at the receiver for each packet received and is reported to the network management system for analysis. By monitoring the CER values, network operators can identify problems with the copper line and take corrective measures.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Cell Error Ratio (CER) is a critical KPI that is commonly used to measure the quality of service (QoS) in wireless communication systems. CER is calculated by counting the number of erroneous bits received at the receiver and the total number of bits transmitted from the transmitter. A high CER value indicates that a large percentage of the transmitted bits are received incorrectly, which can lead to degraded QoS.

CER is used in various wireless communication systems, including cellular networks, Wi-Fi networks, satellite communications, digital broadcasting, and DSL networks, to evaluate their performance. By monitoring the CER values, network operators can identify problems with the system and take corrective measures to improve QoS.