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5G SA/NSA training for network operators

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5G Non-Standalone (NSA):
In NSA mode, 5G is deployed alongside existing 4G infrastructure. This initial deployment allows operators to utilize the existing 4G network for control signaling while 5G is used primarily for data transmission, providing higher speeds and lower latency. The training for network operators in NSA involves:

  1. Dual Connectivity: NSA requires the simultaneous connection of both 4G and 5G networks. Network operators need to configure the radio access network (RAN) to enable dual connectivity, allowing devices to communicate with both 4G and 5G base stations.
  2. Control Plane Separation: NSA involves the separation of the control plane and user plane functions. The control plane, responsible for signaling and network management, continues to operate primarily through the existing 4G infrastructure, while the user plane, handling data transmission, uses the 5G network.
  3. Core Network Enhancements: Operators must upgrade their core network to support the integration of 4G and 5G technologies. This involves modifications to the core network functions, such as the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in 4G and the 5G Core (5GC), to enable seamless interaction between the two generations of networks.
  4. Configuration and Optimization: Training focuses on configuring and optimizing the network elements for efficient handover between 4G and 5G, ensuring a smooth user experience during the transition between network technologies.

5G Standalone (SA):
In SA mode, the 5G network operates independently without relying on the existing 4G infrastructure. It brings the full potential of 5G, including enhanced capabilities such as network slicing, ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication (mMTC). The training for network operators in SA involves:

  1. 5G Core Implementation: SA deployment requires a full-fledged 5G Core (5GC) network, which includes various network functions like User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), and more. Operators need training to understand the architecture and functionalities of these network elements.
  2. Network Slicing: SA enables network slicing, allowing operators to create multiple virtual networks on a shared infrastructure, each tailored to specific use cases with unique requirements. Operators must learn how to create, manage, and allocate resources for different network slices based on diverse service demands.
  3. Service-Based Architecture (SBA): SA operates on a service-based architecture, which is different from the legacy node-based architecture of previous generations. Operators need to understand the service-based model to efficiently manage services and network functions.
  4. Security and Authentication: SA introduces new security challenges and authentication mechanisms. Training covers security protocols, encryption methods, and authentication procedures specific to the 5G SA architecture.