Fifth Generation (5G): 5G is the fifth generation of mobile networks, succeeding 4G (LTE/WiMax). It is designed to provide faster data speeds, lower latency, and increased connectivity for a wide range of devices, including smartphones, IoT devices, and more.
Key Features of 5G:
Higher Data Rates: 5G aims to provide significantly higher data rates compared to previous generations, with peak data rates reaching multiple gigabits per second.
Low Latency: Reduced latency is a crucial aspect of 5G, enabling applications that require real-time responsiveness, such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and autonomous vehicles.
Increased Device Density: 5G is designed to support a higher number of connected devices per square kilometer, addressing the needs of the growing Internet of Things (IoT).
5G Network Architecture:
Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) Architectures: 5G networks can be deployed in two main modes. NSA relies on existing 4G infrastructure for control functions, while SA operates independently with a fully 5G core network.
Network Slicing: 5G introduces network slicing, allowing the creation of multiple virtual networks on a shared physical infrastructure. Each slice can be optimized for specific use cases, such as enhanced mobile broadband or massive IoT.
New Radio (NR):
5G NR Standards: 5G New Radio (NR) is the air interface standard for 5G. It utilizes advanced technologies like beamforming, massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), and millimeter-wave frequencies.
Frequency Bands: 5G operates in a variety of frequency bands, including low-band (sub-1GHz), mid-band (1-6GHz), and high-band or millimeter-wave (24GHz and above). Different bands offer trade-offs between coverage and data rates.
