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5g handover types

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5G (fifth-generation) mobile communication networks, handover, also known as handoff, is a crucial process that allows a mobile device to seamlessly switch its connection from one base station (eNodeB) to another without interrupting the ongoing communication session. Handovers are essential for providing continuous and reliable connectivity as a mobile device moves through different coverage areas.

There are several types of handovers in 5G, each designed to handle specific scenarios efficiently. Here are the main types of 5G handovers:

  1. Intra-Cell Handover (Intra-NodeB Handover):
    • Description: Intra-cell handover occurs when a mobile device moves within the coverage area of a single base station (eNodeB), and there is a need to switch to a different channel or frequency within that same base station.
    • Scenario: This type of handover is typically used when the mobile device is moving but stays within the coverage of the same eNodeB.
  2. Inter-Cell Handover (Inter-NodeB Handover):
    • Description: Inter-cell handover involves switching the connection of a mobile device from one base station (eNodeB) to another while moving between different cells. This type of handover is essential for ensuring continuous connectivity as the device moves through the network.
    • Scenario: As the mobile device moves away from the coverage of one base station and enters the coverage of another, an inter-cell handover is triggered to maintain the connection.
  3. Inter-RAT Handover (Inter-Technology Handover):
    • Description: Inter-RAT (Radio Access Technology) handover occurs when a mobile device needs to switch between different radio access technologies, such as moving from 5G to 4G or vice versa. This type of handover is essential for backward compatibility and efficient network utilization.
    • Scenario: When a mobile device moves between areas covered by different radio access technologies, an inter-RAT handover ensures a smooth transition.
  4. Vertical Handover (Inter-Network Handover):
    • Description: Vertical handover involves switching between different types of networks, such as moving from a cellular network to a Wi-Fi network or vice versa. This type of handover is crucial for optimizing connectivity based on available resources and network conditions.
    • Scenario: When a mobile device is within the coverage of both cellular and Wi-Fi networks, a vertical handover may occur to switch between these networks based on factors like signal strength, bandwidth, and network policies.
  5. Soft Handover:
    • Description: Soft handover allows a mobile device to be in communication with multiple base stations simultaneously for a short duration. This overlapping communication helps ensure a smooth transition between cells, improving reliability and minimizing the risk of call drops.
    • Scenario: Soft handover is particularly useful in scenarios where a mobile device is on the edge of two adjacent cells, and both cells can maintain the connection simultaneously.